Immune cells, also known as white blood cells, are a critical component of the immune system. These cells play a vital role in defending the body against infections and diseases by recognizing and attacking harmful pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Immune cells can be broadly classified into two categories: innate immune cells, which provide immediate, nonspecific defense against pathogens, and adaptive immune cells, which exhibit a more specific and targeted response to pathogens. Research in the field of immune cells focuses on understanding the mechanisms by which these cells function, communicate with each other, and respond to different types of pathogens. This research also explores how immune cells can be harnessed to develop new therapies for various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. Additionally, researchers study how immune cells can be manipulated to enhance their effectiveness in fighting off pathogens or in modulating immune responses to prevent excessive inflammation or autoimmune reactions. Overall, the study of immune cells is essential for advancing our understanding of the immune system and developing novel approaches to treat and prevent diseases.